问题描述：
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最佳答案：
（1）本题考查对文言实词的理解能力．作答本题，重点在于文言实词的积累，同时也可以借助整个句子的意思来判断．
①这确实是国家危急存亡的时期啊．秋：时候．
②如果有做奸邪事情，犯科条法令和忠心做善事的人．科：科律法令．
（2）本题考查的是理解并翻译句子的能力，解答时一定要先回到语境中，根据语境读懂句子的整体意思，然后思考命题者可能确定的赋分点，首先要找出关键实词、虚词，查看有无特殊句式，运用“留”“删”“调”“换”“补”的方法，直译为主，意译为辅．并按现代汉语的规范，将翻译过来的内容进行适当调整，达到词达句顺．此句中重点的词有：
①妄：随便，胡乱，轻率．菲薄：微薄．引喻：引用、比喻．这里是说话的意思．义：适宜，恰当．句子翻译为：不应当过分看清自己，说话不恰当．
②裨：弥补，补救．阙，通“缺”，缺点．广益：很多的益处．句子翻译为：一定能帮助补救缺点和疏漏，得到更多的好处．
（3）本题考查概括文章内容要点的能力．选文第一段是担心他不能广泛听取意见，堵塞忠谏之路；第二段是担心赏罚不公；第三段担心不能重用先帝留给他的忠臣．
答案：
（1）①时候②科律法令
（2）①不应当过分看清自己，说话不恰当．
②一定能帮助补救缺点和疏漏，得到更多的好处．
（3）①担心他不能广泛听取意见，堵塞忠谏之路；②担心赏罚不公；③担心不能重用先帝留给他的忠臣．